1. Denmark (Spies Travel) puts out ads encouraging couples to have sex and make babies (to forestall the demographic and economic disaster of declining population like Japan). That such an ad campaign is needed is surprising, assuming Denmark does the cradle-to-grave socialist policies famous in European and especially Scandinavian countries. Under such policies, one would expect that couples would willingly have children because the social safety net reduces the risk and uncertainty about being able to raise them. What is going on causing the opposite result?
2. People are presumably rationally making the decision that life without children is happier than life with them. The social safety net might be causing this.
3. In some countries in which no one trusts anyone else (stereotypically India), children provide the only trustable labor source. Businesses grow only as much as the family can grow. Perhaps socialism increases trust between strangers because otherwise merely surviving in a non-socialist world requires screwing over your neighbor in a zero-sum game. Perhaps declining birth rate is an unintended consequence of fraternity.
4. In countries without government structures to provide for the income and care of old people, having children (and social mechanisms of ensuring their loyalty) provides a way of getting care after your body is too old to work.
5. In socialist countries, the government provides a safety net which might otherwise be provided by an extended family in non-socialist countries, so the bonds to the extended family are less necessary so become weaker or nonexistent. However, perhaps having support from an extended family remains important for deciding to have and raising children: who can you trust for help in child care and child rearing?
6. Socialist countries tend to have higher structural unemployment rates. Perhaps, despite the social safety net, unemployment is still the dominating factor in deciding to have children.
7. Socialist countries tend to have free, universal education, even free higher education. This results in literate and educated women. There is a correlation between a woman's education level and the number of children she has, though I don't know the mechanism.
8. Socialist countries tend to have more relaxed laws regarding prostitution, or, at least, it is easier to make a living as a prostitute when there is a bigger social safety net while in a risky profession. Perhaps people in socialist countries are having more sex with prostitutes instead of their spouses.
No comments :
Post a Comment