A justice system based on right and wrong, on blame, on accountability, and ultimately on punishment, necessarily requires the justice system to have the resources and investigative power to accurately and fairly discover facts, especially in the context that people now have incentive to hide facts to avoid punishment.
I think not enough attention is paid to the resources needed.
Things especially go wrong in informal, often vigilante, justice systems, perhaps to enforce social rules.
But most people cannot imagine a justice system functioning in any other way. Right and wrong seem fundamental concepts that cannot be abandoned. Blame seems an instinctive thought process. I suspect it goes back to the Jewish tradition of much of western culture, but may go back further than that.
One alternative system of justice is Truth And Reconciliation, as made famous in its marked contrast to the Nuremberg system in how to deal with war crimes.
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