The recent Candidates chess match used a tiebreak system of 1. Head-to-head result, 2. Number of wins, 3. Sonneborn-Berger, 4. Rapid playoff match.
By putting Sonneborn-Berger so late in the considerations, it seems that it reduces the probability of a kingmaker, a player eliminated from contention being able to determine the outcome of the tournament by throwing a game.
Test this assertion by simulation. The simplest case is to focus on the final round only, testing whether in any game in that round someone can be a king maker. We can also look at earlier rounds, a probabilistic king maker, with players who have already been eliminated with several rounds left to go. Or probably eliminated.
Is there another round-robin tiebreak system that has even less probability of collusion and fraud? Wins as black has been used in tournaments such as Linares.
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